Configure Nginx Ingress Controller to use custom log format - note /priority important-longterm From there, the routing is just as same as directly communicating Pod-to-Pod. The exit or default gateway on the node is usually on the eth0 interface the physical interface that connects the node to the network. This pause container is responsible for creating and holding the network namespace. Is added to each log message as a Resource Label. Unfortunately, lsns only shows the lowest PID for each process, but you can further filter based on the process ID. However, this isn't tied only to Kubernetes or a specific network plugin. How it works - NGINX Ingress Controller - GitHub Pages SecAuditLogRelevantStatus "^(? It can parse access and error logs created by the ingress. When iptables is mentioned, it generally means the usage is for IPv4. Instead, they describe the properties of the cluster network in general terms. Using the NGINX IC Plus JWT token in a Docker Config Secret. The CNI does this for you, but you could also do this manually with: Now your pod's namespace has an access "tunnel" to the root namespace. Installation with Manifests. Makes the busybox container join the previous network namespace. They all implement the same CNI standard. I understand the commands that are listed here. ' @rikatz Have you managed to look into this and my answer above? If it is, they should reply with /ok-to-test on its own line. These can be removed by using the REMOVE_FIELDS option in Logagent: Add the REMOVE_FIELDS option to your agent.yaml: The same thing can be done by removing the unneeded fields from the Nginx Ingress log format. If one of the containers inside the pod crashes, the remaining can still reply to any network requests. Tracing the path of network traffic in Kubernetes - Learnk8s Learn Kubernetes online with hands-on, self-paced courses. Once you are in, let's find the latest named network namespace that was created: In this case it is cni-0f226515-e28b-df13-9f16-dd79456825ac. As in the Pod-to-Pod section, the host makes a bitwise comparison, and because the vIP of the service isn't part of the node's CIDR, the packet will be instantly forwarded through the default gateway. Suggestions cannot be applied while the pull request is queued to merge. How can a container that goes to sleep be useful? '; Subnet Mask | 11111111.11111111.00000000.00000000 | 255.255.0.0(/16) | Subnet Mask | 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000 | 255.255.255.0(/24) | Meaning the destination IP isn't on the same network as the packet's source, so that the packet will be forwarded throughout the default gateway. For a pod to communicate to other pods, it must first have access to the node's root namespace. Suggestions cannot be applied while viewing a subset of changes. | Src. How NGINX Ingress Controller Works This time, using conntrack, the source IP address changes, the iptables rule does a SNAT, and swaps Pod's B source IP to the vIP of the original service. Do not be afraid to follow the prompts! it is essential and plays a crucial role in the Kubernetes ecosystem. Then if you do suspicious traffic to your nginx ingress like the one above,t he audit log will be /var/tmp/modsec_audit.log , and SecRuleEngine On will be on the blocking mode according to the rules in your modsecurity-snippet. Now, I reverted this change and now you can see the error is changed and now it is | Src. {"configmap disabled, annotation disabled, OWASP disabled", false, false, false, true, false, "", "", ""}. For example, if the destination IP was 192.168.1.2, i.e. Thanks for your pull request. '; Without connection tracking, it wouldn't know where to send back the packet containing the response. How containers talk locally or Intra-Pod communication. The Kubernetes networking model defines a set of fundamental rules: Those requirements don't restrict the implementation to a single solution. With the observIQ option, observIQ expects logs to be formatted in an optimized JSON format. You can also check if kubernetes/ingress-nginx has its own contribution guidelines. You will be prompted by a bot to use commands during the review process. People may have implemented a workaround in order to get the expected behavior. | ---------------- | ----------------------------------- | ------------------ | The first couple of steps stay the same, up to the point when the packet arrives in the root namespace and needs to be sent over to Pod-B. We're also maintain an active Telegram, Slack & Twitter community! Add this suggestion to a batch that can be applied as a single commit. Since network namespaces are created from a physical interface, you will have to access the cluster node. Pod-to-Pod communication when the pods are on the same and different nodes. Let's do a recap on what you've learned in this article: Be the first to be notified when a new article or Kubernetes experiment is published. Approvers can cancel approval by writing /approve cancel in a comment. Iptables, on the other hand, is a user-space utility program that allows you to configure the IP packet filter rules of the Linux kernel firewall. Use this field to specify where your logs are coming from. The bridge shouts Who has Pod-B IP address? It looks like this is your first PR to kubernetes/ingress-nginx . However, let's take a step back and try to understand why the above is needed for containers to run. Pay attention to the notation on both 3: eth0@if12 and 12: cali97e50e215bd@if3 interfaces. Successfully merging this pull request may close these issues. Please note that when a network namespace is created, it will be present under /var/run/netns but Docker doesn't always respect that. At this point, the CNI assigns the IP address and attaches the containers to the network. ' but returned 'modsecurity on; Becasue it shouldn't exist with modsecRule which is (modsecurity_rules). It contains very little code and instantly goes to sleep as soon as deployed. This suggestion has been applied or marked resolved. Each network is independent and doesn't talk to the others unless you configure it to. Learn more. *We'll never share your email address, and you can opt-out at any time. Inside the pod network namespace, an interface is created, and an IP address is assigned. Because the ingress controller works using the synchronization loop pattern, it is applying the configuration for all matching objects. | Dst. 1 AND 1 = 1, | Type | Binary | Converted | | Dst. This makes Ingress logs incredibly important for tracking the performance of your services, issues, bugs, and the security of your cluster. The default modsecurity_rules_file (/etc/nginx/modsecurity/modsecurity.conf;) has settings that override the ModSecurity-snippet if it is specified with custom config settings like "SecAuditLog", "SecAuditLogStorageDir" and "SecRuleEngine On". With this ModSecurity will run in Detection-Only mode using the default configuration. valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever Every pod in the cluster has an additional hidden container running in the background called pause. {"configmap disabled, annotation enabled, OWASP disabled", false, false, true, true, false, testRule, "", fmt.Sprintf("%v%v%v", loadModule, modsecRule, modSecCfg)}. The physical interface has to process all the real packets in the end, so all virtual interfaces are created from that. Then if you do suspicious traffic to your nginx ingress like the one above,t he audit log will be /var/tmp/modsec_audit.log , and SecRuleEngine On will be on the blocking mode The packet reaches Pod-B veth in the root namespace, and from there, it quickly reaches the eth0 interface inside the Pod-B namespace. Please note that when a network namespace is created, it will be present under /var/run/netns but observIQ: For optimal NGINX ingress controller parsing and enrichment, we recommend choosing the 'observIQ' log format, and updating your nginx.conf file using the below steps: After creating or updating or an NGINX Ingress Controller Source, the [oiq] NGINX Ingress - Overview Dashboard and accompanying visualizations will be installed to your account automatically. However, in between all this communication, another third feature is utilized. Thanks for the explanation and the PR :) happy holidays, This pull-request has been approved by: besha100, iamNoah1, rikatz. This is performed by editing the deployment. In the first group, you can find CNIs that use a basic network setup (also called a flat network) and assign IP addresses to pods from the cluster's IP pool. We must start with the 32-bit addresses in binary to do the AND operation. Sign in Anyways I am not that familiar with the Code and will try to drag some more experienced devs in. @rikatz - can you please review and approve, We have been waiting for this change since a while. Starting from the initial web request and down to the container hosting the application. When conntrack is used, the return path of the packets is easily set up with the same source or destination NAT change. Creating the interface pairs is one part. Have a question about this project? Now you can run the exec command inside that namespace: Let's find out the other end of that interface by grepping for the 12 part of @if12. Without a CNI in place, you would need to manually: And a plethora of other things that will require excessive manual work. I understand the commands that are listed here. The originating request exits through the eth0 interface in the Pod-A namespace. This interface is tied to the one end of the veth pair and serves as a tunnel. SecAuditEngine RelevantOnly Each newly created pod on the node will be set up with a veth pair like this. They are ephemeral and change every time a pod is created or deleted. Clone the Thus, This PR is also not affecting this way. If the source node has an IP of 192.168.1.1 with a subnet mask of /24, and the destination IP is 172.16.1.1/16, the bitwise AND operation will state that they are indeed on different networks. NGINX Logs The NGINX includes two logs: Access log, where NGINX writes information about client requests in the access log right after the request is processed. See Log Formats below. Cilium configures an overlay network with eBPF on layers 3 to 7. When you create a pod, and that pod gets assigned to a node, the CNI will: If the pod contains multiple containers like above, both containers are put in the same namespace. All e2e tests have passed here . template_test.go:1805: configmap disabled, annotation enabled, OWASP enabled: expected 'modsecurity on; Imagine creating them by hand! Pulling the Ingress Controller Image. A reply is received with the MAC address of the interface that connects Pod-B, then this information is stored in the bridge ARP cache (lookup table). The previous service vIP destination gets rewritten to the Pod's B IP address. Shipping Kubernetes Nginx Ingress Logs Made Easy - Sematext When the destination IP is not on the current network, it is forwarded to the default gateway of the node. The custom log format exposes Logging | NGINX Ingress Controller ok, then probably I was wrong and your initial change was correct. This PR is only affecting this way of implementing Modsecurity. modsecurity_rules ' That's why we use Kubernetes, all of the above is abstracted through the use of services, and a simple YAML definition sets those rules automatically. SecAuditLogType Concurrent The filters are organized in different tables, which contain chains for handling network traffic packets. When you create a pod, first the container runtime creates a network namespace for the containers. modsecurity-snippet: |- The check is done using a Bitwise operation. Be notified every time we publish articles, insights and new research on Kubernetes! Now Pod-B sends the response, setting up its IP address as source and Pod's A IP address as the destination. When the packet reaches the interface at the node, where Pod-A is located, another NAT happens. This file contains bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. #RULE# #RULE# This feature is called conntrack, or connection tracking. template_test.go:1805: configmap disabled, annotation enabled, OWASP disabled: expected 'modsecurity on; $ kubectl get deploy -n
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