In 2006, Azerbaijan barred European Parliament members from investigating the claims, charging them with a "biased and hysterical approach" to the issue and stating that it would only accept a delegation if it visited Armenian-controlled territory as well. The ethnic groups in question are the Avars, Tsakhurs, and Lezgins, and according to official statistics together they constitute less than 1 percent of Azerbaijan's total population of. At the beginning of the 20th century Azerbaijan was the worlds leading petroleum producer, and it was also the birthplace of the oil-refining industry. 20, No. The Azerbaijani are the largest ethnic group in Azerbaijan with a total of 92% of the population. Ethnic Azerbaijanis combine in themselves the dominant Turkic strain, which arrived in Azerbaijan especially during the Oghuz Seljuq migrations of the 11th century, with mixtures of older inhabitantsIranians and otherswho had lived in Transcaucasia since ancient times. They are a Turkic-speaking community found in northwestern Iran close to the border with Azerbaijan. From 1959 to 1989, the Talysh were not included as a separate ethnic group in any census, but rather they were included as part of the Turkic-speaking Azerbaijani's, although the Talysh speak an Iranian language. The geographical areas of concentration of Kurds in Azerbaijan were Kelbajar, Lachin, Qubadli and Zangilan districts, sandwiched between Armenia and the Nagorno-Karabakh region of Azerbaijan. In Nagorno-Karabakh, for example, the social status of the Armenians in the enclave was higher than that of the Azeris inside and outside the territory. Oghuz people - Oguz city, Ganja, Ismayilli, Shamakhi. Similarly, Interfax News Service, on July 6, 2004, reported that a Russian Foreign Ministry representative stated, "We, Russians, have no particular problems in Azerbaijan".[7]. Rauf Orujev. The UNHCR states that Lezgins make up 40% of the populations of the Qusar and Khachmaz regions and that Greater Baku is 1.8% Lezgin. Natural increase, births and deaths by towns and regions Azerbaijans agriculture developed considerably in the latter part of the 20th century. The Armenians account for 1% of Azerbaijan's population. 7 chapters | As of 2009, the Russian population numbered 119,300 people. The Republic of Azerbaijan shall ensure the development of the. Azerbaijan has a population of more than 9 million with 52% being urban population while 48% being rural population. may prevent the settlement of the conflict through a compromise such as a freetrading importance. The Talyshi originated from the southwest region of the Caspian Sea. Azerbaijani internally displaced persons from Nagorno-Karabakh and adjacent territories, United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, Azeri internally displaced persons from Nagorno-Karabakh and adjacent territories, European Commission Against Racism and Intolerance (ECRI), Second Report on Azerbaijan, CRI(2007)22, May 24, 2007, Censuses of Republic of Azerbaijan 1979, 1989, 1999, 2009, "Today.Az - Forces, willing to incite ethnic conflict in Azerbaijan, attempt to use representatives of the Avarian people", Council of Europe, Committee of Ministers, Resolution ResCMN-2004-8, "Definitions of national identity, nationalism and ethnicity in post-Soviet Azerbaijan in the 1990s", "University of Maryland Center for International Development and Conflict Management. Black Garden: Armenia and Azerbaijan Through Peace and War. [30], The problem is that the historical record of the Kurds in Azerbaijan is filled with lacunae. Ethnic groups - Azerbaijan. Azerbaijan is in the middle of Eurasia, a location that has greatly influenced the history of the nation. The Armenians form 98% of the total population in Armenia. Rural areas tend to have higher birth rates compared to urban areas. The United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (CERD) noted that, although Azerbaijan had demonstrated improvements by enacting legislation with provisions for racial discrimination, there had been no discrimination related cases prosecuted. the contemporary Caucasus. The Tats are Muslims. According to the 1989 census, about 85 percent of the population was Azerbaijani (5.8 million), 5.8 percent was Russian (392,300), and 5.8 percent was Armenian (390,500). Shirvan people (shirvoni) - the north-east of Azerbaijan, the former Meji village of Shamakhi region, as well as Baku. It is part Iranian, part from the Caucasus, and part based in indigenous tribes of Eastern Europe, making their language and culture an intricate mix of Eurasian traditions. {{courseNav.course.mDynamicIntFields.lessonCount}} lessons The prime example is the Armenian minority who actually declared their state to be independent, resulting in a series of wars with the government. The Azeri language is almost similar to the Turkish language spoken in Turkey. The Republic of Azerbaijan is located in the crossroad area of Southeastern Europe and Southwest Asia known as South Caucasus. However, perhaps the strongest of the nationalist ethnic claims comes from the Armenian population. In the Soviet era there were several disagreements regarding the status of the two territories placement. They are a Turkic fowk livin mainly in northwastren . In addition, full-scale combat in the early 1990s, as well as territorial expansion by the ethnic Armenians within Azerbaijan, resulted in the displacement of a significant number of Azerbaijanis. In general, two hours a week are devoted to teaching minority languages from the first to the fourth grade. A Kurdish leader estimates that there are currently as many as 200,000 Kurds in Azerbaijan, but official statistics record only about 12,000. Lezgins mostly reside in Northeastern Azerbaijan and southern Dagestan and their primary language is Lezgian. Daghestani Lezghins fear that the continued existence of their ethnic kin in Azerbaijan as a distinct community is threatened by what they consider Turkic nationalistic policies of forceful assimilation. The Armenians on Azerbaijan are at risk of Azeri attacks and the ongoing Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. Minorities at Risk: Assessment of Armenians in Azerbaijan, Online Report, 2004", "Azerbaijan: The Status of Armenians, Russians, Jews and other Minorities", Azerbaijan 'flattened' sacred Armenian site, European Commission against Racism and Intolerance (ECRI), "ECRI REPORT ON AZERBAIJAN (fourth monitoring cycle)", . Some claim that the population of the Talysh inhabiting the southern regions of Azerbaijan is 500,000. The most densely populated region is the Aberon Peninsula, on the western coast of the Caspian Sea. [26] As a result, Kurds along with the entire Azerbaijani population of these regions were displaced to other parts of Azerbaijan. This is a Turkic ethnic group, and in fact one of the largest groups of Turkic people in Eastern Europe. [32], According to a 1926 census, there were 77,039 in Azerbaijan SSR. In 1901, for example, Azerbaijan produced 11.4 million tons of oil, more than the United States; it accounted for more than half of world production. According to nationalist Svante E. Cornell:[41]. The Tats (25.2 thousand people, 2009). Some refuse to recognize national borders at all. Short-term debt (percentage of total external debt) Total Area. Due to their ethnic and cultural ties to Iran, many Talysh people are pushing for the Lenkaran district, on the southern border of Azerbaijan, to be separated from the nation and either turned into its own Talysh nation or added to Iran. Grain is the leading agricultural product, with raw cotton the second most valuable crop. At the beginning of 2007 there were 4,755,100 hectares of utilized agricultural area. It is clear that Armenians are the target of violence from societal forces and that the Azerbaijani government is unable or in some instances unwilling to control the violence or acts of discrimination and harassment. In the late 1980s sizable Azerbaijani and Armenian populations were driven from each others countries as a result of ethnic conflict and disputes over the Nagorno-Karabakh region. Life expectancy is about the same as the global average, however, about 73 years of age. At the beginning of the 21st century, the population of the Azerbaijani exclave of Naxvan (lying wholly within Armenia) was almost entirely ethnic Azerbaijani, whereas the enclave of Nagorno-Karabakh (lying wholly within Azerbaijan) was predominantly ethnic Armenian. [12], According to Radio Free Europe organization's analyst Liz Fuller, several Azerbaijan's ethnic representatives (such as Magomed Guseinov from the Avar National Council) have voiced public concern about forced assimilation and ethnic cleansing in order to ensure the predominance of Azerbaijani Turks in the country over Lezghins, Avars, Talysh, Tats, Kurds and other minorities. Ethnically Russian populations tend to live near the Russian border. Definition: This entry provides an ordered listing of ethnic groups starting with the largest and normally includes the percent of total population. Enrolling in a course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams. [21] Claims by Armenians that Azerbaijan had undertaken a systematic campaign to destroy and remove the monuments first arose in late 1998, and those charges were renewed in 2002 and again in December 2005 following the final destruction of the site. During the 1990s exploitation of the vast oil fields under the Caspian Sea was complicated by political instability in Azerbaijan, ethnic conflict throughout the region, Russian claims on the Caspian fields, and disputes over the location of new pipelines. Turkic-speaking Azerbaijanis (Azeris) make up some nine-tenths of the countrys population; the remaining population comprises only small concentrations of minoritiesamong them, Lezgians (who speak a Caucasian language), Russians, and Armenians. Such intentions draw inspiration from the would-be "Talysh-Mugan Republic," declared on June 21, 1993, in southeastern Azerbaijan by a group of ethnic Talysh officers under the leadership of Colonel Alikram Gumbatov. Azerbaijan's total area size is 33,400 square miles, with around 2,687.27 square miles lying in Europe. Azerbaijan - People Photos *** Note: Only people groups with photos available are displayed here. According to the 2007 report by the Council of Europe's Commission against Racism and Intolerance (ECRI):[1]. Iran suspects that Azerbaijan allows Israel to use the country as a base to bring the rebels support. A.Yamskov. The Talysh rebels proclaimed the independence of a seven-district area in southeastern Azerbaijan, but did not elicit significant support among their own ethnic group. This said, the conditions for a peaceful resolution of In fact, Lachin with the principal towns Kalbajar, Qubadli and Zangilan and the administrative sub-divisions of Karakushlak, Koturli, Murad-Khanli and Kurd-Haji were mostly inhabited by Kurds. The eventual solution should protect the rights of all persons concerned, in conformity with the territorial integrity of the country and other principles of international law; The Kurds: A Contemporary Overview, Philip G. Kreyenbroek, Stefan Sperl, Routledge, (1992). Prices of most goods were liberalized, and some state-owned enterprises were privatized. *I. About 54.9 percent of Azerbaijan is agricultural land. Conflict between Armenians and Azerbaijanis over Nagorno-Karabakh, which persisted into the 21st century, was complicated by an official declaration of independence by the Republic of Nagorno-Karabakh in 1992 (a claim that failed to gain recognition from the international community). Priority should be given to the adoption of a new law on the protection of national minorities, providing the necessary guarantees for the implementation of the relevant minority language standards; - Azerbaijan should consider developing further the consultation structures for representatives of national minorities in order to improve their participation in decision-making. Azerbaijan has claimed that neighboring countries - Armenia, Iran, and, to a lesser extent, Russia - support separatist sentiments in Azerbaijan. The Talysh identity was strongly suppressed during Soviet times. Branches of the processing industry, producing mineral fertilizers, gasoline, kerosene, herbicides, industrial oils, synthetic rubber, and plastics, have developed, and Sumqayt has emerged as the major centre of this industry, as well as of ferrous metallurgy. that whereas the Talysh, Tats, and Kurds of Azerbaijan lost much of their "[23], The presence of Kurds in Azerbaijan dates back to the 18th century. To see the effect of periodical events on the population period until 1950 is not given in decades. The vast majority of the country's residents are ethnic Azerbaijanis, while Lezgins are the largest ethnic minority. While Azerbaijanis formed a consistent majority, it is worth noting that there was a shift in the demographic trends in modern Azerbaijan even before the collapse of the Soviet Union and the First Nagorno-Karabakh War, that lead to an exodus of some ethnic minorities, notably the Armenians and Russians, and conversely a large influx of Azerbaijani refugees from Armenia and Azerbaijani internally displaced persons from Nagorno-Karabakh and adjacent territories, thus giving Azerbaijan a more homogeneous character. This article focuses on ethnic minorities in the Republic of Azerbaijan. I feel like its a lifeline. It boasts a well-established official national identity associated with claims of a unique heritage based on an improbable blend of Turkism, Zoroastrianism, moderate Islam, and its historical function as 'bridge' between Asia and Europe along the Silk Road. Eastern Europe is a complicated place. As of 2020, Azerbaijan has a crude birth rate of 12.7. Azerbaijan has a growing and youthful population. Concern over the lack of programs to support minority languages or those fostering inter-cultural education was also expressed by the Committee. In fact, approximately 92% of the total Azerbaijan population are Azerbaijani. The Armenians still remaining in Azerbaijan practically live in virtual hiding, and have also changed their Armenian names and surnames to Azerbaijani names and surnames because they have to maintain an extremely low profile to avoid harassment and physical attacks. {{courseNav.course.mDynamicIntFields.lessonCount}}, Who are the Hazara People? Due to the Armenian-Azerbaijani conflict, most of the Armenian ethnic group in Azerbaijan had to flee the country with the remaining living in the Nagorno-Karabakh which is controlled by the breakaway region. Furthermore, Article 45 ("The Right to Use Native Language") of Section III of the Constitution of Azerbaijan states:[8]. The Republic of Azerbaijan shall guarantee the free use and development of other languages spoken by the population. The Azerbaijani Turks: Power and Identity Under Russian Rule (Studies of Nationalities). Azerbaijan's ethnic minorities are often related to ethnic majorities in other nations, and tend to heavily congregate near national borders. Statistical yearbook. The Talysh, or TalishiIranian people who form the bulk of the local populationhave preserved many of their old customs and traditions. This entry includes a rank ordering of religions by adherents starting with the largest group and sometimes includes the percent of . Cornell, Svante E. Small Nations and Great Powers: A Study of Ethnopolitical Conflict in the Caucasus. [6], Freedom House has reported, in July 2005, that some ethnic minorities have encountered discrimination in such areas as housing, education, and employment. Yearly Tourist arrivals to residents ratio. The Azerbaijani language shall be the State language of the Republic of Azerbaijan. Violent conflict between these groups is ongoing. The other ethnic minority groups in Azerbaijan include the Avars, Ashkenazi Jews, and Georgians who account for 2% of the population. This page was last edited on 14 November 2022, at 01:41. Course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams 's Commission against Racism Intolerance! Ismayilli, Shamakhi Garden: Armenia and Azerbaijan through Peace and War is the! Europe and southwest Asia known as South Caucasus and some state-owned enterprises were privatized form... Europe 's Commission against Racism and Intolerance ( ECRI ): [ 1 ] who for! 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