BT's UK operation became the largest single organisation in the world to receive registration under the international quality standard ISO 9001. that a jointly owned company, to be named GEC Siemens PLC, is to make an The service enabled customers to chose a range of services from a menu on an ordinary television set including video on demand, shopping on demand, a range of educational programming for homes and schools and a home banking service. The new design was a large granite and Portland stone building around an atrium, with its mass offset by curved corners and considerable use of glass, notably the extensive use of glazed tubular steel barrel vaults spanning the atrium. Telephone Act became law in August which enabled the Postmaster-General to set rental charges and so forth by statutory regulation. Some preparations prior to September 1939 had already been made when war seemed likely. BT Marine was sold to Cable and Wireless in November 1994. The The first cable television installation in the UK was introduced, in Washington New Town, Tyne and Wear. It was withdrawn in 1978. Post Office Tower public restaurant was permanently closed from 14th June for security reasons. The first electronic, microprocessor-controlled payphone, the 'Blue Payphone' had been introduced in 1979. BT later invested in a widely publicised initiative to safely recover and dispose of Trimphones A complete set of service standards for customers, the The kiosk's introduction in 1927 was mainly confined to London and some large provincial towns and proved to be very successful. The engineering field was the responsibility of totally separate Superintending Engineers Districts, each under the control of a Superintending Engineer who had a number of Sectional Engineers working to him. Provision was made in the circuit to reduce sidetone. The following year, Datel service were extended to enable data to be sent over private telephone circuits and the public telephone network. When did telephones become common in the US? Both business and residential customers could take advantage of another BT promotion by having a second phone line installed for half the usual price from 1st October to 31st December. Datel2400 Dail-up service introduced using public telephone network. New dialling codes, preliminary to the start of subscriber trunk dialling in London, were introduced in the London Director Area on 6th April. The This replaced London Telecommunications Region's last manual exchange. Friends & Family Overseas, customers could also nominate up to five additional international numbers which received the 5 per cent A television coaxial cable was brought into use between Birmingham and Manchester. Under the terms of the joint venture MCI and its distributors marketed Concert services in the Americas, while BT and its distributors marketed Concert services in other parts of the world. First standardised 100 line Unit Automatic Exchange (UAX 12) opened. The Surveyor was responsible for the postal, telegraph and telephone services: on the telephone side he was assisted by District Managers who, in conjunction with Head Postmasters, were responsible for the provision and the quality of the telephone service in their districts. After a number of experiments, red proved to be the colour that best met the required criteria, with the added advantage that it reflected something of the character of the traditional red K6 kiosk designed by Sir Giles Gilbert Scott in the 1930s. The Bridgeman Committee's report, published in the same year, found no change to be necessary to the existing Parliamentary control, but drew attention to defects in the organisation. It was decided that the new system would be based on the pre-payment approach with the refund of unused coins where appropriate. 170 million in just five months, following on from the introduction of the new International Weekend Rate introduced on 7th September and further reductions in October 1996. 3 billion. In the United States and Canada, "telephone booth" (or "phone booth") is the commonly used term for the structure . The original structure of the Post Office telephone service was modelled on that of the National Telephone Company. Customers also had a sixth number, their own, added automatically to the scheme, extending the 10 per cent discount to calls they made home using a The world's first instantaneous translation of speech by a computer was demonstrated by British Telecom's Research Laboratories. Although 6d (2p) and 1/- (5p) slots were available for other calls, the minimum fee necessary to make a local call at the time was 2d. When the Malicious Calls Bureaux started, the maximum penalty was a fine of Operator dialling on telephone circuits between Britain and the United States was introduced. 100 million in March for an AXE 10 (System Y) digital switching system to provide a competitive alternative to System X. The ten per cent discount applied to all local, regional, national and international calls. Customers were able to take advantage of vastly increased computer to computer data transmission times. Pressurisation of trunk and junction cables was introduced. Line rentals were increased again from July 1997, for business customers again from 1 August 1998 and for residential customers from 1st November 1998. The interior of the building was extensively refurbished from 1997 to 1999 to make better use of space, conform to modern approaches to working, and exploit the latest telecommunications technology for more effective and fulfilling working. The Freefone and Lo-Call. Mercury subsequently became involved in setting payphones. Corporate Choices benefited companies which operate over several sites with phone bills of more than Users simply clicked on the BT shop name and browsed through the range of cordless phones, caller display phones, pagers, fax machines, answering machines, and other products. BT chose the company because of its experience in the fields of international data and telecommunications services. The service was extended to South Africa and Argentina later in the year. Euronet/Diane, the EEC based information retrieval system, was inaugurated. The "Get Through to Someone" advertising campaign ran from this year until 1994, featuring a series of real life occurrences, such as a college girl calling home. The new company was to be the national distributor of the portfolio of international managed network services offered by Concert, at that time jointly owned by BT and MCI. Advertisement. Charges were reduced by over 20 per cent in January 1997; the one off registration charge of Rural areas were until now served by small manual exchanges attended by caretaker operators. The first standard cordless switchboard was opened at Croydon following trials at Thanet (1956), Middlesbrough (1959) and Stafford (1961). 11.75, and the subscription to customers who paid annually reduced to 129.25, equivalent to one month free. The Post Office commenced its The British Approvals Board for Telecommunications (BABT) first issued its approval certificate for BT's bill metering systems, confirming that they meet BABT's stringent control requirements and Oftel's Standard for Public Telecommunications Operators' Meter Systems. Monarch digital telephone systems was launched with GEC-Plessey Telecommunications BT received 250,000 requests for help from customers receiving such calls before the Bureaux were introduced. It also gives freedom to BT to grow, to operate overseas, and to make acquisitions the market is growing so quickly that BT can expand only by becoming a free, independent company." The During 1998 further digital services were added, including members remained on the islands for the duration of the war. All direct dialled calls made within and from the UK were charged per second, with the minimum fee of 9.5p remaining unchanged. The last TXE2 exchanges (Ballycastle, Northern Ireland, Llandovery, Wales and Ramsbury, England) were also closed on AFN had become essential with the development of direct international dialling as the mixed letter and number combinations were insufficient to meet the needs of expanding service. Datel400 service introduced using public or private telephone circuits, office. Users simply clicked on the BT shop name and browsed through the range of cordless phones, caller display phones, pagers, fax machines, answering machines, and other products. - (the K6) - for all replacements and new installations as the standard payphone housing. A The British Broadcasting Company became the British Broadcasting Corporation on 1st January. When 999 was dialled a buzzer sounded in the exchange and a red light flashed to draw an operator's immediate attention. BT would have responsibility for the design, financing, operation and ongoing management of all DFTS services, giving guaranteed levels of performance and ensuring technology updates to let the MoD benefit from new developments. From November 1997, BT licensed The licences granted were to last for a period of 12 years and were to be monitored and enforced by the Office of Telecommunications (OFTEL). The International launch of the System X digital exchange was held at Telecom 79 in Geneva. A continuous telephone service was established with Flowers was consulted by Max Newman (later Professor of Mathematics at Manchester) who was responsible for the automation process. The Under Secretary for Industry confirmed in August that the two existing UK cellular radio operators - Cellnet and Racal Vodafone - would provide the UK part of the pan-European digital cellular radio service due to come into operation in 1991. This was the first time that the 20 before this promotion. 1961 The Telephone and telex calls could be made or received direct for the first time to almost anywhere in the world, via Britain. Check out our packages now, and find one thats right for you! Originally set up to provide marine communications, it subsequently expanded into the delivery of data to mobile phones and laptop computers. Fast Start connection charge fell to 500, the rental rose by 15 and call allowance fell to BT Solutions, to sit alongside the other recently created Divisions, BT UK and BT Worldwide. PremierLine discount scheme in June aimed at residential customers with call bills of An experimental packet switching service The first experimental PAM/TDM electronic exchange was opened at Anglo-Canadian cable (CANTAT 1) was laid by the Post Office cableship HMTS 'Monarch' (No. A new The Swiss made "Ipsophone", The first AXE 10 exchange was opened the following year at Radiopaging centre in Farringdon where staff dealt with orders. The most recent of these was Cable & Wireless Ltd from the United Kingdom was transferred to the Post Office. Glasgow Director Area was inaugurated with the opening of Halfway Exchange. Internet use exploded this year. One of the early cable operators in the UK, Cable London, connected its first cable telephone customer in about 1990. Modernisation began in 1985 when BT embarked on a BT would create a common multi-service broadband network to meet demand by business and residential customers up to the millennium and beyond, using the latest ATM technology. btclick.com, including the existing BT ClickFree. Goonhilly goes live as Aerial No. BT introduced the International Weekend Rate on 7th September, cutting between five and 23 per cent off international calls made between midnight Friday and midnight Sunday. This could be added to discounts of up to 15 per cent available on BT's other residential schemes, giving a possible 25 per cent saving on those calls. A Radiopaging service was opened in London in January. In addition, more than 80 per cent of all customers were connected to the very latest digital exchanges, such as the new switch at Crawford. Automatic metering up to 3d (just over 1p) was introduced on director exchanges. BT later announced the formation of a 50:50 global venture with AT&T for their trans-border telecommunication activities, to serve the needs of multinational companies and the international calling needs of individuals and businesses. Before the telephone was invented, it was impossible to communicate by voice across any kind of distance. The first Central Battery exchange in Europe was opened in Telephone Avenue, Bristol. It replaced the usual telephone answering machine, and could record up to 30 incoming messages for customers even when they were using their own phone. Of the 73,000 men and women who left the Post Office to join up, 3,800 gave their lives. 152 and 154 equivalents for business customers, were launched at this time. A range of schemes was available, depending on the size of the customer's bill. The Under Secretary for Industry confirmed in August that the two existing UK cellular radio operators - Cellnet and Racal Vodafone - would provide the UK part of the pan-European digital cellular radio service due to come into operation in 1991. People using the service were thereafter charged 43.5p (45p after that years rise in VAT) for a search for up to two numbers. Answering Machine No. No. 168 million in a year, or an average of 8.40 (ex VAT) for every customer. There was also a ventilation system which worked through perforations in the dome. In December 1995 Syntegra acquired the French systems company, Europe Informatique, followed in April 1996 by the acquisition of the Dutch systems integration company, Rijinhaave. 1.23 (inc VAT) per quarter rebate on the normal 4.47 rental for a dial phone. BT and MCI, the second largest carrier of long distance telecommunications services in the United States, announced a joint global alliance through a new international joint venture company in June, codenamed This was an overall saving of 42 per cent on BT's basic price of 6.8p per minute. They would know before answering the phone whether it was, for example, a personal or business call, a call for a different member of the family or for a flatmate. At the same time, BT reduced the cost of daytime calls made to Cellnet and Vodafone cellular phones by 12 per cent - from 36.5p a minute to 32p - reflecting reductions in payments which BT made to the two mobile operators. The introduction of decimal coinage in 1971 made another modification necessary. Response times to customers' enquiries was now even faster. It could be added to the discounts of up to 21 per cent available on BT's Business Choices Levels 1 - 5 schemes, to provide a maximum possible 26 per cent saving on the qualifying calls. Whole of pre-war telephone services reinstated except those to External Telecommunication Executive was formed to control the overseas services transferred from It is now recognised that without the contribution of the code breaking activity, in which Colossus played a major part, the war may have lasted considerably longer. Other partners included SBC, formerly South Western Bell, and Mannesmann, the major German group. The Government made available 1,598 million ordinary BT shares (25.6 per cent of ordinary issued shares) for purchase in a second flotation (BT2) on It was also the first Telephone Act passed by Parliament, 75 years after the invention of the telephone. telephone exchanges. These permitted any position and any cord circuit to be used to handle any type of trunk circuit. Telephone Calls - Trunks CS 1927 The British Broadcasting Company became the British Broadcasting Corporation on 1st January. Automatic Voice Response (AVR) was introduced into the directory enquiries service to give a faster response to callers. Fast Start gave them a call allowance of 650 for the first year and 210 a year thereafter. Further reductions followed in 1997. Special attention was paid to environmental considerations, acoustics, weather protection, lighting and ventilation after intensive market research was conducted into customers' needs. BT later invested in a widely publicised initiative to safely recover and dispose of Trimphones 4) participated in the lay. The last TXE2 exchanges (Ballycastle, Northern Ireland, Llandovery, Wales and Ramsbury, England) were closed on 23rd June 1995. Charges were reduced by over 20 per cent in January 1997; the one off registration charge of PayPoint transactions and pay a minimum of 25 in two months. A hundred years previously Alexander Graham Bell had heralded a new era in communication with the words, "Mr Watson, come here, I want you" (see 1876 entry). It ran from Boxing Day until midnight on 6th January 1997. The Internet Society was chartered. The cable entered service on 25th September at 6pm. Subscriber Trunk Dialling (STD) service, whereby telephone callers are able to make trunk calls automatically without the aid of the operator, was introduced into the United Kingdom by the Queen dialling a call on 5th December from Bristol Central Telephone Exchange to the Lord Provost of Edinburgh, over 300 miles away - the greatest distance over which a subscriber trunk call could be made at the time. British Telecom From the end of September, BT Internet Isaiah Rogers built eight water closets throughout the hotel. The Strowger system to meet network demands - largely as a result of the arrangements under the Telephone Exchange Equipment Bulk Supply Agreement (signed in Known as the lightweight submarine cable it had a steel strand in the centre instead of the conventional layer of steel armour wires on the outside. Prestel launched an electronic "mailbox" service in London. BT was chosen as the prime contractor in November to work with the Ministry of Defence on an advanced national fixed telecommunications network for the UK armed forces. Peak call rates were abolished on 9th March and replaced by a new Daytime rate, operating Monday to Friday 8am to 6pm. Later, an eleventh key contact number could be nominated to receive a ten per cent discount, and from 1st April 1999 the 1; an answer only machine which gave out a 20 second message, played twice to ensure callers from payphones received the whole message. The classic example is the children's toy made by connecting the bottoms of two paper cups, metal cans, or plastic bottles with tautly held string. Cable & Wireless Ltd was privatised in November, the Government selling 50 per cent of its shares in the company. Telemessages (overnight delivery services) superseded the inland telegram service on 30 September. This success rate continued, compared to only 72 per cent in 1987. Charge Advice: a free service which gave the approximate cost of a call immediately after a customer made it. electronic equipment for telephone exchanges with a capacity for up to 200 telephone lines were brought into service at Leamington Spa on 25th March and Peterborough on 10th June. International Subscriber Trunk Dialling (ISD) was extended to additional countries including New Zealand and Australia on 1st December, making UK subscribers the first in the world able to dial the Antipodes directly. Zealand. This facility was available to customers connected to 'System X' exchanges, and began at Cheltenham on 26th January. credit card service for inland and overseas telephone calls was introduced on 1st March (see also The new speaking clock was inaugurated at 11 o'clock on 2nd April when the voice of Brian Cobby The shell of the ground and first floors was refurbished - the ground floor for office accommodation, and the first for instrument rooms. Making malicious calls is a criminal offence under Section 43 of the Telecommunications Act (1984). Phone Disc every quarter. Telephone Exchanges - Manual 1956 The first The new high speed frame relay connections allowed customers to transmit data at rates up to two million bits of information per second (2Mbit/s). Other features were a lower handle on the outside of the door to help customers with disabilities and a new closing mechanism to make the door more robust. telephone systems. Datel2400 Dail-up service introduced using public telephone network. [1] It connects two diaphragms with a taut string or wire, which transmits sound by mechanical vibrations from one to the other along the wire (and not by a modulated electric current). The station used a huge water-cooled transmitter (call sign GBR), dissipating 10kW and using 54 thermionic valves on a wave length of 18,750 metres. Isle of Man and the mainland on 28th June. The world's first all-digital international public telephone service was opened between gateways in London and Tokyo. BT announced on 10th November 1997 its intention to sell its stake in MCI to the US company Worldcom for $7 billion. The passing of the Act was the first recognition in law of the telephone as a separate instrument from the telegraph. BT's discount schemes, which gave residential customers savings of up to 25 per cent on their calls, applied on top of the The transatlantic submarine cable, To further celebrate the occasion British Telecom donated The GTS Group operated in markets throughout Europe and Asia, with 18 businesses worldwide in 1996, and principal offices in Monaco, Brussels, Moscow, Beijing and Budapest. At the same time, the radio beam stations leased to For example, man, . When did telephones become common? Trainphone, the first public payphone on a train, was introduced on a trial basis on services from Paddington to South Wales and the West Country. The Telephone No. The Agreement was renewed a number of times and a fifth manufacturer, Ericsson Telephones Ltd, became a party to it in 1927. The first such scheme of its kind in Europe, Subscriber Trunk Dialling (STD) service, whereby telephone callers are able to make trunk calls automatically without the aid of the operator, was introduced into the United Kingdom by the Queen dialling a call on 5th December from Bristol Central Telephone Exchange to the Lord Provost of Edinburgh, over 300 miles away - the greatest distance over which a subscriber trunk call could be made at the time. By February 1999 BT's stake in Airtel, had risen to 17.8 per cent. Free fully itemised telephone bills were made available to residential customers to cover every single call. K6 kiosks for use by competitors. Fast Start connection charge fell to 500, the rental rose by 15 and call allowance fell to The first standardisation rural automatic exchange was opened at Haynes near Bedford on 4th February, a 100-line unit (No. McCaw later merged with a subsidiary of AT&T, whereupon on 19th September 1994 BT acquired a holding of AT&T shares in exchange for its McCaw shares. With the election of a new Conservative Government in 1979, committed to the withdrawal of state intervention in industry and the free market philosophy, a new approach was inevitable. It was designed to carry aerials for the Post Office microwave network covering some 130 stations throughout the country, including the Post Office satellite earth station at Goonhilly. Customers received an updated The Defence Fixed Telecommunications System (DFTS) contract, worth an estimated Germany and France (20 per cent off daytime calls, with 10 per cent reductions to evening, night time and. Linkline 0800 and 0345 services began on 12 November. first PCM (Pulse Code Modulation) exchange at the Empress telephone exchange near Earl's Court in London. A range of schemes was available, depending on the size of the customer's bill. IDD (International Direct Dialling) was made available throughout the United Kingdom. Fully automatic service introduced on 5th The This material, because of its low dielectric constant, became widely used for submarine cable insulation in place of gutta-percha and rubber, and for many other purposes in telecommunications. The first cashless, card-operated payphone - the 120,000. Business News Summary telephone information service was introduced. Oftel announced in January that code and local number changes would be required to create additional numbering capacity in London, Southampton, Portsmouth, Cardiff and Northern Ireland. The cable measured 9,000 kilometres in length and was able to carry the equivalent of 80,000 voice calls simultaneously, twice the capacity of TAT 8. Free call-barring was introduced on 1st February which allowed customers to prevent calls being made to premium rate services from their lines. BT was selected by Together with the fixed licence awarded the previous year, the mobile licence now enabled the company to develop integrated communications solutions tailored to the Dutch residential and business markets. The Post Office service was established with Montreal, Melbourne, Cape Town and Bombay. On 29th December 1940 the CTO was set on fire by burning debris blown in from adjacent buildings in one of the most destructive German air attacks of the Second World War. police telephone boxes, installed as part of a new scheme for policing were made available for general use in the Barnes, Kew and Richmond District of 'V' Division, Metropolitan Police District. The Post Office took over the UK Telegraph Service by means of special A new 2) was sunk with all hands in February off the North Goodwins, probably by a submarine. As late as 1980, when the number of Strowger lines reached a peak of 13 million, 75 per cent of the network was Strowger. This meant that BT had reduced the cost of international calls by almost PCM allowed up to 24 telephone conversations to be carried over two wires. GEC Plessey Telecommunications Ltd (GPT) and Ericsson built all digital telephone exchanges in the UK. Hugh Laurie appeared in a series of four of BT's BT worked jointly with the Royal National Institute for the Blind to produce the bills, which because of space constraints, only showed the details contained on the ordinary non-itemised bill. 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