Iran's animation industry began by the 1950s, and was followed by the establishment of the influential Institute for the Intellectual Development of Children and Young Adults in January 1965. The Greco-Persian Wars resulted in the Persians being forced to withdraw from their European territories, setting the direct further course of history of Greece and the rest of Europe. 2006, Nasidze et al. The Chief Justice nominates some candidates for serving as minister of justice, and then the President select one of them. Peoples of Iran", "A New Direction in Population Policy and Family Planning in the Islamic Republic of Iran", "Population growth (annual%) Iran, Islamic Rep. | Data", "Iran's population growth rate falls to 1.5 percent: UNFP", "World Population Prospects Population Division United Nations", "Refugee population by country or territory of asylum Iran, Islamic Rep. | Data", "Afghanistan-Iran: Iran says it will deport over one million Afghans", "Tripartite meeting on returns to Afghanistan", "Migration Information Institute: Characteristics of the Iranian Diaspora", "Is tax funding of health care more likely to be regressive than systems based on social insurance in low and middle-income countries? Iran is located in a seismically active area. In 1387, Timur ordered the complete massacre of Isfahan, reportedly killing 70,000 citizens. France/UK have had nearly identical populations since. Football has been regarded as the most popular sport in Iran, with the men's national team having won the Asian Cup on three occasions. [262], After the Supreme Leader, the Constitution defines the President of Iran as the highest state authority. The population of Iran in 2019 was 86,564,202, a 1.11% increase from 2018. [112], After two centuries of Arab rule, semi-independent and independent Iranian kingdomsincluding the Tahirids, Saffarids, Samanids, and Buyidsbegan to appear on the fringes of the declining Abbasid Caliphate. Max Fisher in The Washington Post[60] prescribed /irn/ for Iran, while proscribing /arn/. Xenophon's Cyropaedia mentions a great number of singing women at the court of the Achaemenid Empire. Over five million tourists visited Iran in the fiscal year of 20142015, four percent more than the previous year.[344][345]. While there are ancient relations between the Indian Vedas and the Iranian Avesta, the two main families of the Indo-Iranian philosophical traditions were characterized by fundamental differences, especially in their implications for the human being's position in society and their view of man's role in the universe. The "Ajam" are an ethnic community of Bahrain, of Iranian origin. [378] In late 2006, Iranian scientists successfully cloned a sheep by somatic cell nuclear transfer, at the Royan Research Center in Tehran. The Proto-Iranians are believed to have emerged as a separate branch of the Indo-Iranians in Central Asia around the mid-2nd millennium BC. [368], Iran's higher education is sanctioned by different levels of diplomas, including an associate degree (krdni; also known as fowq e diplom) delivered in two years, a bachelor's degree (krensi; also known as lisns) delivered in four years, and a master's degree (krensi e arad) delivered in two years, after which another exam allows the candidate to pursue a doctoral program (PhD; known as doktor). The modern Ossetians are the descendants of the Alano-Sarmatians,[84][85] and their claims are supported by their Northeast Iranian language, while culturally the Ossetians resemble their North Caucasian neighbors, the Kabardians and Circassians. Louise Fawcett, "Revisiting the Iranian Crisis of 1946: How Much More Do We Know? The procedures for presidential election and all other elections in Iran are outlined by the Supreme Leader. [citation needed]. [456] The vibrant contemporary art scene originates in the late 1940s, and Tehran's first modern art gallery, Apadana, was opened in September 1949 by painters Mahmud Javadipur, Hosein Kazemi, and Hushang Ajudani. [323], Iran's economy is a mixture of central planning, state ownership of oil and other large enterprises, village agriculture, and small-scale private trading and service ventures. Part 1: Old and Middle Iranian Affirmations For Divine Feminine Energy,
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